A shared language of communication by people whose main languages are different
The ability to know and use several languages
A language derived from a pidgin but more complex in grammar and vocabulary than the ancestral pidgin because it has become the native tongue of a community
The ability to use two languages, especially with equal or nearly equal proficiency. The use of two languages in some propotion in order to facilitate learning by students who have a native proficiency in one language and are acquiring proficiency in the other
A regional variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary, especially a variety of speech differing from the standard literary language or speech pattern of the culture in which it exists
A simplified form of speech that is usually a mixture of two and more languages, it has a rudimentary grammar and vocabulary and is used for communication between groups speaking different languages. It is not spoken as a first or native language
A language invented for specific purposes and based on a set of prescribed rules. A language designed for the use in a specific field
Ex. 2.What do you call the people of these countries?
Country
One Person
The People in General
Canada
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Wales
France
Ireland
Spain
The Netherlands
Denmark
Finland
Sweden
Ex. 3.What do you call the people of these countries and what are their official languages?
The People in General
Official Languages
Belgium
Lithuania
Thailand
Switzerland
Portugal
Turkey
Poland
Venezuela
China
Ex. 4.Match the word from column A to the word in column B to form an expression and give definition to it.
language
franca
multilingualism
language
area
minority
person
Linguistic
Monoglot
Bilingual
Pidgin
National
Lingua
Creole
Ex. 5.Fill in the gaps with most appropriate prepositions where it is necessary.
1) to be
a disadvantage
2) government involvement
linguistic minorities
3) to acquire proficiency
a language
4) to be taught
the medium
a language
5) to be a member
a linguistic minority
6) to adopt an approach
a language
7) to obliterate
a language
8) to impair
educational process
9) to cater
a linguistic minority
Ex. 6.Match the words with their definitions.
National language
Official language
Standard language
Minority language
Mother tongue
Ethnolect
It is a variant of a language spoken by a certain ethnic/cultural subgroup and serves as a distinguishing marker of social identity
A language traditionally used by the citizens of the state that either has a territorial basis or is used by linguistic minority
A language that was learned first by the person. Often a child learns the basics of his or her first languages from his or her family
A language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. It is typically the language used in a nation’s legislative bodies, though the law in many nations requires that government documents be produced in other languages as well
It is a particular variety of a language that has been given either legal or quasi-legal status. It is standardized for education and public performance
A language (or language variant, i.e. dialect) which uniquely represents the national identity of a nation or country. It is used for political and legal discourse and so designated by a country’s government
Questions for discussion.
1. Is your country multilingual? How many languages are officially recognized
in your home country?
2. How many languages do you speak? Are there many bilingual speakers in your
country?
3. Are there any linguistic minorities in your country? Do you speak any languages
of linguistic minorities?
4. What factors (social, historical, geographical, etc.) can influence your decision to
learn a foreign language?
5. Can you think of a saying that does not translate from one language into another?
What do you think may be lost in translation?
